The Manifesto relies on pathos and moral dichotomy, using strong
terms and comparisons to demonize the bourgeois and victimize the
proletariat. Again, vocabulary colors and creates the melodramatic
impression, and stock characterization manipulates through simplification the portrayal of the circumstances. Modern bourgeois society is
"like the sorcerer who is no longer able to control the powers of the
nether world whom he has called up by his spells." It gained power
through chance in history, using this power to
"simplif[y] class antagonisms," leaving the proletariat in a
subordinate, oppressed, undeserved position.
The document echos the binary response to political change outlined
in Singer's article. It reacts to the insecurity following political
change by reassuring the Communist movement will transcend momentary
conflict for the working class, because it is
allied with the French Social-Democrats, the Switz Radicals, and so on;
it ensures their protection beyond this initial revolution with power in
numbers, and power in justice. It dramatizes working class
powerlessness within capitalism, explaining that laborers
"live only so long as they find work, and... find work only so long as
their labour increases capital." They "like every other article of
commerce, are consequently exposed to all the vicissitudes of
competition, to all the fluctuations of the market."
The Manifesto uses these terms to rally the working class behind a
revolution for liberal democracy, calling them to "question the
operation of law and justice" (Singer). Dramatic language can cause
dramatic change in what was formerly an airtight, monopolized
cultural structure. This literature and its style illuminates the
plausibility of social mobility, putting power in words to ignite
feelings of power in the docile subordinate.
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